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Memahami Pentingnya Saus Ikan dalam Masakan Vietnam
Anda sudah makan di restoran Vietnam berkali-kali dan Anda selalu memperhatikan semangkuk kecil saus yang menemani lumpia goreng dan salad mie Anda yang dikenal sebagai bún bò xào. Anda telah bingung dengan citarasanya yang rumit dan Anda bertanya-tanya apa yang membuatnya begitu enak. Tidak perlu bertanya lagi.
Untuk benar-benar memahami saus, ada baiknya mempelajari beberapa istilah. Nước mắm adalah saus ikan yang difermentasi. Saus ikan di mana-mana dikenal dengan nama yang berbeda di seluruh Asia Tenggara.
Ini disebut di Thailand, nam pa di Laos, ngan bya yay di Myanmar dan patis di Filipina. Ini digunakan untuk membumbui makanan selama memasak dan juga bumbu yang disajikan sebagai saus untuk menemani hidangan yang dimasak.
Sama seperti minyak zaitun kelas Italia yang sesuai dengan kemurnian, begitu juga orang Vietnam dengan nuớcmắm mereka. Sebuah artikel di situs web Vietnam menjelaskan proses fermentasi dan penilaian secara detail.
“Begitu kapal nelayan kembali dengan hasil tangkapan mereka, ikan tersebut dibilas dan dikeringkan, kemudian dicampur dengan garam laut – dua sampai tiga bagian ikan untuk satu bagian garam dengan berat. Mereka kemudian ditekan ke dalam stoples gerabah besar, berjajar di bagian bawah dengan lapisan garam, dan ditutup dengan lapisan garam. Tikar bambu ditaruh di atas ikan dan ditimbang dengan bebatuan berat untuk mencegah ikan mengambang ketika air di dalamnya diekstraksi oleh proses garam dan fermentasi. ditutupi dan ditinggalkan di bawah sinar matahari selama sembilan bulan sampai satu tahun. Dari waktu ke waktu, mereka ditemukan untuk mengekspos campuran tersebut ke sinar matahari langsung, yang membantu ‘mencerna’ ikan dan mengubahnya menjadi cairan. ‘Berjemur’ secara berkala menghasilkan saus ikan harum superior dengan warna coklat kemerahan yang bening. Akhirnya, cairan dikeluarkan dari stoples, sebaiknya melalui keran di bagian bawah sehingga melewati lapisan-lapisan sisa ikan. Setiap endapan dihilangkan dan ikan yang disaring saus dipindahkan ke clea n tempayan dan dibiarkan mengudara di bawah sinar matahari selama beberapa minggu untuk mengusir bau amis yang kuat. Kemudian siap untuk pembotolan. Produk jadi adalah 100-persen, kelas atas, saus ikan asli. “Saus ikan kelas dua dan tiga dibuat dengan menambahkan air garam untuk menutupi sisa ikan, meninggalkannya selama 2-3 bulan setiap kali, kemudian menyaring sebelum pembotolan. Akhirnya, sisa-sisa ikan direbus dengan air garam, kemudian disaring dan dibuang , untuk menghasilkan saus ikan kelas terendah, atau mereka dapat ditambahkan ke sisa ikan lainnya dari fermentasi pertama dalam proses pembuatan saus kelas 2. Karena rasa secara substansial berkurang dengan setiap fermentasi, saus ikan kelas atas sering ditambahkan ke tingkat yang lebih rendah untuk meningkatkan rasa mereka. Dalam prakteknya, beberapa produsen memasarkan saus ikan kelas atas, mencampurkannya dengan saus kelas kedua dan ketiga sebagai gantinya untuk menghasilkan jumlah yang lebih besar yang masih dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai saus ikan asli. “
Sangat menarik untuk dicatat bahwa tampaknya tidak mungkin untuk mendapatkan akses ke kelas premium nước mắm.
Jika nước mắm adalah saus ikan dalam botol, apa saus yang cocok dengan lumpia goreng?
Nước chấm adalah saus, pada umumnya. Nước mắm pha adalah saus ikan campuran. Pada dasarnya, nước mắm pha mengandung air jeruk nipis dan / atau cuka, kecap ikan, gula, dan air. Bahan-bahan pilihan termasuk cabe rawit dan bawang putih.
Nước mắm pha disiapkan secara berbeda di seluruh Vietnam. Di utara, campuran dasar diencerkan dengan kaldu. Di wilayah tengah negara itu, saus menggunakan lebih sedikit air dan, karenanya, lebih berani.
Di selatan, air kelapa ditambahkan ke nước mắm pha. Beberapa resep merekomendasikan merebus gula dalam air untuk melarutkannya sepenuhnya; yang lain menginstruksikan bahwa semua bahan harus dikocok dalam botol.
Warna dan rasa dari nước mắm pha dipengaruhi oleh warna dan nilai dari nước mắm. Nước mắm pha di Vietnam selatan juga cenderung lebih gelap karena gula aren digunakan.
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Nuoc Cham Vs. Nuoc Mam
If you enjoy eating at Vietnamese restaurants you may have noticed their love of dipping sauces. Dishes like spring rolls are always served with small bowls of spicy sauce. A common question asked by people outside of Vietnam is what’s the difference between nuoc cham and nuoc mam? Keep reading to get the complete answer.
How do nuoc cham and nuoc mam differ?
Nuoc cham is the generic term for sauce and could range from soy sauce to fish sauce, chili sauce, or anything in between. Nuoc mam is a popular type of fish sauce served in Vietnamese cuisine that can be pungent, sweet, sour, and spicy in flavor. It is often made by combining fish sauce with water, lime juice, minced garlic, and chili.
How to make nuoc mam
This is a recipe to make a flavorful Southeast Asian dipping sauce that takes minutes to prepare with no cooking required.
Preparation time: 5 minsCook time: 0 mins
Ingredients
¾ cup water
4 Tbsp sugar
4 Tbsp fish sauce
3 Tbsp fresh lime or lemon juice
1 Thai chili, finely sliced
1 clove garlic minced
Method
Mix water and sugar in a small bowl until the sugar is dissolved.
Add fish sauce and lime juice and stir until combined.
Sprinkle the sauce with chili and garlic before serving.
Notes:
To help dissolve the sugar, you can heat the water in a microwave for 30 seconds before mixing.
Slowly add the citrus juice and fish sauce and taste test as you go to ensure it doesn’t have overwhelming flavor.
When serving this sauce with seafood like eel, include lemongrass to brighten the dish.
Other ingredients like white radish, green papaya, or shredded pickled carrot can also be served with nuoc mam.
Did you know? Nước mắm pha means mixed fish sauce. It is the commonest type of dipping sauce that uses fish sauce as its base and includes lime juice or vinegar, water, and sugar. A vegetarian version of this sauce can be made by replacing fish sauce with Maggi seasoning sauce.
What to serve with nuoc mam pha
Rice paper rolls (Bánh cuốn): ingredients like pork, prawn, carrot, cucumber, and lettuce are wrapped in sheets of rice noodles.Spring rolls (Chả giò): spring roll pastry is filled with ingredients like ground pork shoulder and then deep-fried until crispy.Noodles (Bún): cold rice vermicelli noodles topped with grilled pork.Rice pancakes (Bánh xèo): pan-fried savory crepes made from water, rice flour, and turmeric, then filled with ingredients like shrimp, bean sprouts, or pork.
What is in Vietnamese fish sauce?
Supermarket sold fish sauce generally contains water, anchovies, and sea salt. The version sold in restaurants is more elaborate and often includes water, lime juice, sugar, chili, and garlic.
How does hoisin sauce and fish sauce differ?
Fish sauce is a salty sauce made from sea salt, anchovies, and water which has a watery texture. Hoisin sauce is a thick consistency and is made from soybean paste, garlic, sugar, and many other ingredients. While both sauces are salty, hoisin has an additional sweet undertone to it.
How do I store nuoc mam?
Nuoc mam is best enjoyed fresh but if you have leftovers then it should last one to two weeks in the refrigerator. Store the sauce in an airtight jar or container at the back of the fridge. Nuoc mam that is made with vinegar rather than lime juice will last longer than. You can expect it to last one to two months before it losing quality.
Summing up
Although it may seem that nuoc cham and nuoc mam are the same thing, each has a different meaning and should not be used interchangeably. Nuoc cham is a broader term referring to all types of sauces while nuoc mam is a specific type of dipping sauce that incorporates fish sauce with a range of other ingredients.
Nate Teague is a food writer who has been working in the food industry for the past decade. He writes for various cooking blogs and has a passion for making fine dining recipes accessible to the at-home cook.
Nuoc Cham Sauce Recipe
Amount Per 1 Serving Calories
22.69
Kcal (95 kJ)
Calories from fat 0.09 Kcal % Daily Value* Total Fat 0.01g 0%
Sodium 943.28mg 39%
Potassium 45.75mg 1%
Total Carbs 5.25g 2% Sugars 4.53g 18%
Dietary Fiber 0.03g 0% Protein 0.67g 1% Vitamin C 2.6mg 4% Iron 0.1mg 1% Calcium 11.7mg 1% Amount Per 100 g Calories
36.51
Kcal (153 kJ)
Calories from fat 0.14 Kcal % Daily Value* Total Fat 0.02g 0%
Sodium 1517.76mg 39%
Potassium 73.61mg 1%
Total Carbs 8.45g 2% Sugars 7.29g 18%
Dietary Fiber 0.05g 0% Protein 1.07g 1% Vitamin C 4.2mg 4% Iron 0.2mg 1% Calcium 18.8mg 1%
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. Find out how many calories should you eat.
Nuoc Cham (Vietnamese Dipping Sauce)
Elevate your spring rolls with the most magical Vietnamese condiment of all. This Nuoc Cham Recipe has perfect levels of sour, sweet, salty, savory and spicy!
Well, it turns out you can make a delicious Vietnamese nuoc cham that will be the star of your dinner in no time flat! Seriously, five minutes in the kitchen is all it takes.
Today’s post is all about the most magical of Vietnamese condiments. How to make it, what to eat with it and even some culinary pitfalls to avoid.
If you’ve ever wondered about nuoc cham, this one is for you!
Nuoc cham is the absolutely delicious Vietnamese dipping sauce that tends to accompany fried spring rolls ( Chả giò), pan fried crepes ( Bánh xèo) and rice noodle dishes ( Bún).
This ubiquitous condiment is a mixture of fish sauce ( nước mắm), garlic, palm sugar, lime juice, a splash of water and (sometimes) bird’s eye chilis.
In this home chef’s opinion, the most important element to a good nuoc cham is finding the proper balance of sour, sweet, salty, savory and spicy.
However from an ingredients perspective, finding and using a good fish sauce – or nuoc mam – is the key to full on flavor!
I’m a big fan of (a Vietnamese fish sauce). I tend to use it when making dipping sauces, or when the fish sauce will be out front and super noticeable. Biggest drawback though is price. It’s pretty expensive compared to other brands.
When using fish sauce as an ingredient in a larger composed recipe, I tend to use , or Three Crabs .
They all differ slightly in saltiness and assertiveness. So, when it comes to finding your preferred brand, there may be a bit of trial and error involved.
Interesting note: Ben loves fish sauce so much that he lists the salty, briny, whiskey colored liquid as the number one reason he could never go fully vegan.
Yep, it’s that good!
Wait, isn’t it all fish sauce?
What’s the difference between nuoc mam and nuoc cham?
This bit confused me at one point too.
Nuoc mam is technically unadulterated fish sauce. Nuoc cham is the dipping sauce we’re making here today (that happens to use nuoc mam as a central ingredient).
Confused? Not to worry! Hereis a great article on the matter. And here is another!
Now, let’s get on to the important business… cooking and eating!
Dissolve in lukewarm water. Then whisk in lime, fish sauce, minced garlic and Thai chiles. I like to let my nuoc cham sit at room temperature for a few minutes so all of the flavors marry well. But that’s an optional step. You can dig in right away if you’d like.
It doesn’t get much more simple than that!
How does restaurant style nuoc cham differ from this one?
Most of the same ingredients tend to be in use when you get your spring roll sauce or dipping sauce for your Vietnamese bun delivered to the table when dining out.
However, I’ve found – at many Vietnamese restaurants in the States, their nuoc cham recipes can tend to be on the sweeter side. More so than the well balanced mixes I’ve had in Vietnam. That heavy handedness with the sugar can result in a nuoc cham that loses some of it’s natural nuance.
That said, there’s a place in our neighborhood in Brooklyn that has a nuoc cham sauce so finely tuned, I feel like I’m sitting on a small plastic stool in Hue inhaling my noodles every time we drop in for a bite.
I’d like to think that my own mixture is closer to a well balanced, authentic nuoc cham – with the fish sauce and chili a bit more forward in the mix.
You’ll just have to try it and decide for yourself!
The Vietnamese language is full of rising, falling and flat tones that can render the same word with different meanings depending on the delivery. Getting it right can seem like an impenetrable fortress to someone just getting started.
For me, I just had to get used to the fact that I’m saying stuff the wrong way when I travel and when I eat out.
The phonetic spelling is: nɨ́ək tɕə̌m.
But that doesn’t clear much up, right?!
To say nuoc cham with something approaching accuracy, say nuoc as ‘nook’ (like the Barnes & Noble e-reader). And say cham as ‘chum’ (like an old friend from your days at school).
That’s how it was explained to me – and it’s worked at restaurants sufficiently well to this point!
No matter how you say it, though – the most important thing about food is that it tastes delicious and makes you want more.
I hope you love this nuoc cham recipe as much as I do – and that it elevates your spring rolls to pro-status!
Other simple, delicious Vietnamese recipes:
Nuoc Cham (Vietnamese Dipping Sauce)
Did you make this recipe?
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